企业异质性视角下美国对华反倾销对中国企业出口的影响

The Effects of Anti-dumping on China's Export from the Perspective of Enterprise Heterogeneity

反倾销是抑制我国产品出口的重要贸易壁垒,美国是中长期内可能对我国发起大规模反倾销调查的重要潜在对象,出口企业是我国融入国际大循环的重要载体,因此研究美国对华反倾销对我国企业出口的影响具有十分重要的理论及现实意义。此外,企业差异化特征的存在会使得不同类型企业的抗风险能力、应对和处理贸易壁垒的能力不尽相同,因此进一步深入剖析反倾销对不同类型出口企业的影响,将为我国从企业层面制定更加科学合理的“走出去”战略提供有益参考。本文从微观企业视角出发,以美国对华反倾销为例,深入剖析了反倾销对我国不同规模类型、不同所有制类型以及位于不同地区企业出口的影响效果。实证结果表明,美国对华反倾销不仅会显著抑制我国企业的出口额,而且会显著降低我国企业的出口概率。区分企业异质性来看,美国对华反倾销对小微企业出口概率的抑制作用显著高于大中型企业,对国有企业出口额的抑制作用显著高于民营企业和外资企业,对不同地区企业出口额和出口概率的抑制作用排序为:西部地区>东部地区>中部地区。

The anti-dumping measures are critical trade barriers to China’s export,the United States is the major country conducts anti-dumping investigation against Chinese companies,and the export-oriented companies are important participants for China participating in the international economic cycle.Thus,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to investigate the effects of US anti-dumping measures on the exports of China’s enterprises.Moreover,since different types of enterprises owns various abilities in risk aversion,resilience,and dealing with the trade barriers,further research on the impact of anti-dumping measures on different types of enterprises will provide an important reference for policymakers and entrepreneurs.By matching the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and the Global Anti-dumping Database,the effects of US anti-dumping measures on the exports of China’s enterprises are investigated,distinguishing the heterogeneities between enterprises with different business size,ownership,and locations.The empirical findings show that the US antidumping measures not only significantly declined the export value of China’s enterprises,but also significantly reduce their export probability.When distinguishing the enterprise heterogeneities,first,the US anti-dumping measures has larger negative effects on the export probability of small and micro enterprises than that of large and medium-sized enterprises.Secondly,it also generates larger negative effects on the export value of stateowned enterprises than that of private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises.In the end,it’s negative effects on export value and export probability is highest for enterprises located in western region,followed by that located in eastern region and central region.