2021年承德市某幼儿园一起食源性疾病暴发调查

Investigation on an outbreak of foodborne disease in a kindergarten in Chengde city,2021

目的 对河北省承德市某幼儿园一起疑似食源性疾病暴发事件进行调查分析,明确污染因子及途径,查清事件发生原因,为预防今后类似事件发生以及处置类似事件提供参考。方法 利用描述流行病学方法分析病例的临床特征、三间分布特征及相关危险因素,运用病例对照研究推测可疑餐次及可疑食品;采集样本进行致病因子实验室检测,并结合卫生学调查情况,综合分析暴发事件污染环节和发生原因。结果 共搜索到病例25例,罹患率为17.40%,症状主要为呕吐、腹痛等。流行曲线提示为点源暴露模式,潜伏期中位数为9.5 h(1~20 h),病例对照研究结果显示,2021年4月8日午餐中大米饭为可疑食物,并在可疑食物大米饭中检出蜡样芽孢杆菌。结论 本次事件为一起因蜡样芽孢杆菌污染大米饭引起的食源性疾病暴发事件,污染原因为剩余大米饭室温下长时间放置,回锅时未加热彻底。

Objective To investigate and analyze a suspected outbreak of foodborne disease in a kindergarten in Chengde city,identify the pollution factors and ways,and find out the causes of the incident,so as to provide reference for handling similar incidents in the future.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method were used to analyze the clinical features,the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of the cases.Case-control study was used to infer suspicious meals and suspicious foods.The specimens for laboratory detection of pathogenic factors were collected.Combined with the result of the hygienic investigation,the contamination links and causes of the outbreak were analyzed comprehensively.Results A total of 25 cases were founded,with an attack rate of 17.40%.The main symptoms were vomiting and abdominal pain,etc.The epidemic curve suggested a point source exposure model,with a median incubation period of 9.5 h(1-20 h).The result of the case-control study showed that rice in lunch on April 8,2021 was the suspect food,and Bacillus cereus was detected in the suspect food rice.Conclusions This incident was an outbreak of foodborne disease caused by Bacillus cereus contamination of rice.The cause of contamination was that the remaining rice was left at room temperature for a long time and was not heated thoroughly when returning to the pot.