机器人应用、CEO绿色经历与企业绿色技术创新

CEO Green Experience,Robot Application and Green Technology Innovation

机器人等人工智能技术作为第四次科技革命的核心引擎,为驱动企业绿色技术创新提供了良好的契机。同时,CEO绿色经历对绿色技术创新具有重要的影响。本文利用2006-2019年中国工业机器人数据与沪深A股上市企业绿色技术创新数据,实证检验了机器人应用、CEO绿色经历和企业绿色技术创新之间的关系。研究发现,CEO具有绿色经历的企业,机器人应用促进绿色技术创新能力提升的作用越强。机器人应用通过提升企业效率和优化人力资本结构推动企业技术创新,且CEO绿色经历促使机器人应用引发的技术创新偏向于绿色技术创新。此外,在环境规制约束更强的地区和重污染行业,企业CEO绿色经历正向调节机器人应用对企业绿色技术创新的促进作用。本文的研究为在CEO绿色经历视角下探讨企业应用机器人实现高质量发展提供了经验证据。

As the core engine of the Fourth Technological Revolution,artificial intelligence technology provides a favorable opportunity to drive green technological innovation in enterprises.As the key actors in green technological innovation,the insufficient motivation of enterprises to carry out green technological innovation activities will hinder the progress of green sustainability.Meanwhile,the green experience of CEOs can influence the process of green technological innovation in enterprises.Therefore,this paper analyzes the mechanism and effect of robot application in promoting green technological innovation from the perspective of CEOs’green experience,aiming to explain why enterprises are willing to apply the advantages brought by robot application to green technological innovation.Based on the theoretical relationship analysis of robot application,CEO’s green experience,and corporate green technology innovation,this paper constructs a robot penetration variable at the city level in China using global industrial robot data released by the International Federation of Robotics.It matches this variable with the CEO’s green experience and green technology innovation data of Chinese A‑share listed companies,and then constructs a two‑dimensional panel data model to empirically test the relationship effect among robot application,CEO’s green experience,and corporate green technology innovation from 2006 to 2019.The study finds that in enterprises with CEOs who have green experience,the role of robot application in promoting the enhancement of green technological innovation capability is stronger.Robot application promotes technological innovation by improving efficiency and optimizing the human capital structure,and CEOs’green experience induces technological innovation triggered by robots to inclined towards green technological innovation.Furthermore,in regions with stronger environmental regulation constraints and in heavily polluting industries,the green experience of CEOs positively moderates the promotion effect of robot application on enterprise green technological innovation.The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows.First,on the basis of discussing the impact of robot application on green technological innovation,this paper further explores the reasons why robot application can better promote green technological innovation under the context of CEOs’green experience,enriching the existing research on the economic consequences of micro‑enterprises applying robots.Second,it analyzes the mechanism channels through which robot application affects corporate technological innovation by improving efficiency and optimizing the human capital structure,and at the same time reveals the fact that CEOs’green experience will induce technological innovation triggered by robots to lean towards green technological innovation.Third,it provides empirical evidence for discovering the innovation motives and innovation environment of green technology in Chinese enterprises by deeply explaining the heterogeneous effects of robot application on green technological innovation under the adjustment of CEOs’green experience at the level of green technology innovation types,industries,and regions.Based on the conclusions above,this paper proposes three policy recommendations.First,the government should encourage companies to use technologies such as big data analysis and machine learning in the innovation process,building a sustainable R&D system based on intelligent technologies.Companies should prioritize the supportive role of intelligent technologies such as robots in the green transformation of enterprises,enhancing production efficiency and management efficiency.Second,the government should vigorously promote the development of environmental disciplines and strengthen the cultivation of talents with green education backgrounds.Companies should enhance CEOs’learning of green professional knowledge and sensitivity to cutting‑edge information in the green field,improve the professionalism in hiring green technology innovation personnel.Third,the government should strengthen environmental regulations and use external institutional pressure to compel companies to engage in green technology innovation activities.Companies should also focus on improving CEOs’understanding of environmental policies,develop corporate development strategies with a sustainable perspective,and better promote the green technology innovation effects of robots.