龙门石刻药方灸法应用特点探析

Characteristics of moxibustion in Dragon Gate Stone Inscription prescriptions

龙门石刻药方是我国目前现存最早的石刻药方,其所治病证涉及内、外、妇、儿、五官等科,通过梳理龙门石刻药方所载的28首灸方,总结具有以下应用特点:癫狂病证、虚寒病证以及黄疸等急性病证是其主治病证;选穴方面,针灸并用十三鬼穴、八会穴、募穴等特定穴位,重视督脉、任脉等奇经以及具有独特主治作用的单穴;临床应用遵循辨证施治原则,多穴并用、使用药食同源之品、灸量上因人制宜施灸。龙门石刻药方反映了北魏至唐这一时期对灸法的应用已经相对成熟,灸法已经有了较高的应用水平。

The Dragon Gate Stone Inscription prescriptions are the earliest surviving stone inscriptions of medical formulas in China,covering various departments such as internal medicine,surgery,gynecology,pediatrics and ophthalmology.By reviewing 28 moxibustion prescriptions recorded in the Dragon Gate Stone Inscriptions,the following application characteristics are summarized:moxibustion mainly treats acute diseases such as mania,deficiency-cold syndrome,and jaundice;in terms of point selection,specific points such as the thirteen ghost points,eight influential points,and front-mu points are used,emphasizing the extraordinary meridians such as governor vessel and conception vessel,as well as specific single acupoints with unique therapeutic effects;in clinical application,it follows the principle of treating according to syndrome differentiation,uses multiple acupoints simultaneously,employs food-medicine homology,and adjusts the moxibustion dosage according to individual conditions.The Dragon Gate Stone Inscription prescriptions reflect that the application of moxibustion therapy during the Northern Wei to Tang Dynasty period had already reached a relatively mature level,indicating a high level of proficiency in moxibustion techniques during that time.