基于LCA的有机朗肯循环技术环保性能研究综述

A Review on Full Life Cycle Research of Organic Rankine Cycle Technology

有机朗肯循环(organic Rankine cycle,ORC)技术可用于低品位热能发电,在可再生能源开发和余热回收中应用前景广阔。随着“双碳”目标提出,能源电力系统低碳化已成为必然趋势,因此,ORC系统的环保性能指标越发重要。本文综述了ORC系统全生命周期环保性能的研究现状,总结了ORC全生命周期评价(life cycle assessment,LCA)的分析流程,根据热源类型对相关研究进行了分类并总结了其环境影响特点,评价了常见工质的环保性能,最后探讨了ORC系统全生命周期研究的发展趋势。研究发现,生命周期清单分析中的现有清单数据多为二次数据,Recipe方法是应用最多的评价方法,ORC系统的设备生产和工质泄漏是影响其环保性能的重要因素。

Organic Rankine cycle(ORC)technology can be used for low-grade thermal power generation,and has broad application prospects in renewable energy development and waste heat recovery.With the“double carbon”goal proposed,low-carbon energy and power system has become an inevitable trend.Therefore,the environmental performance index of ORC technology is more and more important.This paper summarizes the research status of the environmental protection performance of the ORC technology in the whole life cycle,summarizes the analysis process of the life cycle assessment(LCA)of the ORC technology,classifies the relevant research according to the type of heat source,summarizes its environmental impact characteristics,evaluates the environmental protection performance of common working fluids,and finally discusses the development trend of the life cycle research of the ORC technology.The study found that the existing inventory data in life cycle assessment is mostly secondary data,and the Recipe method is the most commonly applied evaluation method.The equipment production and substance leakage in the ORC system are important factors affecting its environmental performance.