疾病获益感纵向预测因素的研究进展

Research progress on longitudinal predictive factors of benefit finding

重大疾病等负性事件给个体的身心带来严重的伤害,但仍有部分个体能从逆境中构建生活的积极意义,这与疾病获益感的作用密切相关。应激系统理论认为,把疾病等负性事件作为应激源,疾病获益感则可以看作个体心理应激反应良好的表现。目前关于疾病获益感的探讨多为横断面研究,忽略了其动态发展的特点,及个体特有的利弊因素对疾病获益感的预测作用。本文从保护性因素和危险性因素两大方面对疾病获益感纵向研究中的预测因素进行综述,以期在挖掘个体保护性因素的基础上,减少危险性因素的不良影响,为制订积极心理认知干预的研究设计提供切入点。

Serious diseases and other negative events bring serious physical and mental damage to individuals,but there are still some individuals can construct positive meaning of life from adversity,which is closely related to the role of benefit finding.According to the theory of stress system,if negative events such as disease are taken as stressors,benefit finding can be regarded as a good manifestation of individual psychological stress response.At present,most of the studies on benefit finding are cross-sectional studies,ignoring the characteristics of its dynamic development and the predictive role of individual advantages and disadvantages on benefit finding.This paper reviews the predictive factors in the longitudinal study of benefit finding from protective factors and risk factors,in order to reduce the adverse effects of risk factors on the basis of exploring individual protective factors and provide a starting point for the research design of positive psychological cognitive intervention.