肝癌患者支持性照护干预方案的范围综述

Scoping review of supportive care intervention schemes for patients with liver cancer

目的总结肝癌患者支持性照护干预方案的研究现状,分析相关研究,识别干预的形式、内容、结局指标和干预效果,以期为医护人员开展相关研究提供参考。方法采用范围综述的方法,检索万方数据库、维普网、中国知网、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL和Cochrane Library数据库中相关文献。检索时限均为建库至2023年5月2日,对纳入的文献进行分析。结果共纳入14篇文献。干预方案包括信息和照护技能指导、姑息治疗支持、心理支持、多学科团队支持、家庭康复锻炼指导、压力管理。干预形式包括线上、线下以及混合干预。干预时长多为3个月或6个月。干预频率多为每周1~5次,每次20~60 min。干预方案能在一定程度上改善肝癌患者的生活质量,缓解焦虑和抑郁情绪。结论目前的支持性照护干预以护士为主导,具有全面性、个性化和干预效果尚不明确的特点。未来需进一步优化干预的内容和策略,依据肝癌患者的病情和身体功能状态,制订科学、适用和规范的支持性照护干预方案。

Objective To summarize the research status of supportive care intervention schemes for patients with liver cancer,analyze relevant studies and identify the forms,contents,outcome indicators and effects of interventions,in order to provide references for medical staff to carry out relevant research.Methods The scoping review method was used to search relevant articles in WanFang data,VIP,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,CINAHL and Cochrane Library.The search period was from the establishment of the databases to May 2,2023,and the included articles was analyzed.Results A total of 14 articles were included.The intervention scheme included information and care skills guidance,palliative care support,psychological support,multidisciplinary team support,family rehabilitation exercise guidance,and stress management.Intervention forms included online,offline and mixed intervention.The intervention duration was usually 3 or 6 months.The intervention frequency was usually 1~5 times a week,with each session lasting 20~60 minutes.The intervention scheme could improve the quality of life of liver cancer patients to a certain extent,alleviate anxiety and depression.Conclusions At present,supportive care interventions are led by nurses and have the characteristics of comprehensiveness,personalization and unclear intervention effects.In the future,it is necessary to further optimize the content and strategy of intervention,and formulate scientific,applicable and standardized supportive care intervention schemes according to the disease and physical function status of liver cancer patients.