论杜威技术进步观及其认识演进

On Dewey's View of Technological Progress and Its Evolving Perception

杜威基于生存论角度,通过研究伽利略实验,提出以“操作性的技艺”为要义的关于技术进步的哲学观点。后世学者维索戈洛德从人类学角度、进而启发西克曼从认识论角度,进一步把握杜威所谓“观念就是技艺和技艺作品”,维索戈洛德提出“人造物”观念的存在逻辑,西克曼将其具体化,对杜威技术进步观的讨论就此转换进认识论领域。卢格德受西克曼基于时间维度的认识论启发,从本体论角度,借助非标准实用主义涌现论分析方法,指出杜威技术进步观中存在着时间化本体论的内核。从生存论到认识论再到本体论,这场由杜威开启的关于技术进步及其实质的探讨,持续近百年时间,构成较为清晰的学术发展脉络。

From an existentialist perspective,Dewey proposed a philosophical view on technological progress with “operational skills” as the essence through studying Galileo’s experiments.Later,scholar Wyschogrod,from an anthropological perspective,inspired Hickman to further grasp Dewey’s notion that “ideas are skills and works of skills” from an epistemological perspective.Wyschogrod proposed the existential logic for the concept of “artificial objects”,and Hickman concretized it.Subsequently,the discussion of Dewey’s view on technological progress was transformed into the field of epistemology.Inspired by Hickman’s epistemology based on the time dimension,Ludger pointed out from the perspective of ontology that there is a core of temporal ontology in Dewey’s view on technological progress with the help of the non-standard pragmatism emergence analysis method.From existentialism to epistemology and then to ontology,this discussion on technological progress and its essence,which was initiated by Dewey,lasted for nearly a hundred years and formed a relatively clear academic development context.