意识的代具及其悖论的解读——斯蒂格勒代具理论的现实透视

Interpretation of the Prosthesis of Consciousness and Its Paradox:Realistic Perspective of Bernard Stigler's Prosthesis Theory

法国著名哲学家斯蒂格勒从现象学角度指出,技术是人的代具,是人非有机的体外器官。因人意识持留的有限性,意识也需要代具,但正是对人的意识持留具有重要意义的代具,反过来阻碍了意识的发展,关于意识代具的悖论由此显现。悖论来源于,人作为缺失的存在,需要不断更新、填补缺失,但填补缺失的过程中代具会带来新的缺失。代具本身药性与毒性的双重结构是悖论的本质成因,也暗含了化解悖论的可能性依据。最后,本文沿着斯蒂格勒的进路,尝试从一般器官学的视角提出解决悖论的方法。

The famous French philosopher Bernard Stiegler pointed out that technology is a prosthesis and an inorganic external organ of human beings from the perspective of phenomenology.Consciousness also needs prosthesis owing to the limitation of human consciousness.The prosthesis is of great significance to the retention of human consciousness,however,which in turn hinders the development of consciousness.Therefore,the paradox of the prosthesis of consciousness appears.The paradox comes from the fact that human beings,as the existence of the default,need to constantly update the way to fill the default,but the process of replacing the default will bring new default.The dual structure of the nature of “pharmakon and toxicity” of the prosthesis itself is the essential cause of the paradox and also implies the possibility of resolving the paradox.Finally,this paper follows Stiegler,trying to put forward the idea of solving the paradox from the perspective of general organology.