人工智能与社会保险制度:理论逻辑、现实挑战与变革路径

Artificial Intelligence and the Social Insurance System:Theoretical Logic,Practical Challenges and Reform Orientation

社会保险制度本质是保护不同生产方式下劳动者权益的制度安排。社会保险制度的发展史表明,技术进步改变了社会的生产方式,生产方式决定了不同时期的劳动关系和衍生风险,进而形成和发展了基于风险化解目标的社会保险制度。人工智能时代的生产方式和劳动关系改变了当下社会保险的制度基础,引致了劳动者面临失业和收入下降、企业社会保险责任缺失、社会保险基金来源萎缩、社会保险制度面临挑战的风险。基于此,社会保险制度的变革需要法律政策层面的劳动关系认定应更具有适应性和前瞻性;加强社会保险制度的全覆盖和灵活性;改革社会保险费费基,拓宽社会保险融资新渠道;重视发挥人工智能在社会保险制度中的数据信息应用。

The essence of the social insurance system is an institutional arrangement to protect the rights and interests of workers under different modes of production.The history of the development of social insurance system shows that technological progress has changed the mode of production of the society,and the mode of production determines the labor relations and derivative risks in different periods,which in turn forms and develops the social insurance system based on the goal of risk mitigation.The mode of production and labor relations in the era of artificial intelligence have changed the foundation of the current social insurance system,leading to the risk of unemployment and income decline for workers,the lack of corporate social insurance responsibility,the shrinkage of the source of the social insurance fund,and the challenge of the social insurance system.Based on this,changes in the social insurance system require that the identification of labor relations at the legal policy level should be more adaptive and perspectiveness;that the full coverage and flexibility of the social insurance system should be strengthened;that the social insurance levy base should be reformed,and that new channels for social insurance financing should be broadened;and that the application of data and information in the social insurance system should be emphasized to take advantage of artificial intelligence.