不同参与方对工程项目实施风险的认知差异研究

A Study on the Perception Differences of Project Implementation Risks Among Different Stakeholders

风险管理是工程项目成功的关键,不同参与方对项目风险的认知差异会阻碍有效进行风险管理。文章基于文献综述,识别了32个风险因素,基于不同参与方视角将风险因素归类,采用问卷调查与统计分析方法比较不同参与方对工程项目风险发生概率与影响程度的认知差异。结果表明:不同参与方对大部分风险发生的概率与影响程度认知接近;但是,相比于其他参与方,承包商和政府对项目实施风险的估计更加悲观;不同参与方对两个关键风险因素“业主的项目资金出现问题”和“建筑材料价格的变化”的发生概率和影响程度的认知均存在显著性差异。研究成果能够为项目管理人员提供参考,充分理解不同参与方对项目实施风险的认知差异,以更有效地进行风险管理。

Risk management is vital to the success of engineering projects,and differences in risk perception among various stakeholders can hamper effective risk management.Based on a literature review,this paper identifies 32 risk factors which are classified from the perspective of different stakeholders.A combination of questionnaire survey and statistical analysis is used to compare the differences in perception of the occurrence probability and impact level of project risks among different stakeholders.The results show that most stakeholders have similar perceptions about the probability and impact level of most risks.However,compared with other stakeholders,contractors and government bodies tend to have a more pessimistic estimation of project implementation risks.Significant differences exist among different stakeholders in their perception of both the probability and impact of two key risk factors:"issues concerning project funds from owners " and "changes in construction material prices".These findings can provide a reference for project managers,allowing them to fully understand the perception differences among different stakeholders regarding project implementation risks,thereby managing risks more effectively.