探析墨西哥高等教育阶段的跨文化教育——以跨文化大学为例

An Analysis of Intercultural Education in Mexican Higher Education:Taking Intercultural University as an Example

墨西哥是一个多元文化国家,人口主要由印欧混血人和印第安人组成。印第安人由于历史问题和在经济上所处的弱势地位,长期处于社会的边缘,并遭受社会的歧视。为了扩大墨西哥高等教育覆盖面,加强墨西哥主体群体和印第安人的跨文化交流,2003年墨西哥政府筹划建立一种新型教育机构,即跨文化大学。本文通过对此类大学建立的背景、目标、创新点和成效进行简要介绍和分析,指出跨文化大学在经费、师资以及学校自治权等方面存在着一系列困难与挑战,并建议其通过扩大经费来源,建立一支高水平、稳定的教师队伍以及提高印第安人的参与度,推动跨文化大学的可持续发展。

Mexico is a multicultural country with a population mainly composed of Indo-European mestizos and Indians.Due to their historical problems and economically disadvantaged position,Indians have long been on the margins of society and suffer from social discrimination.In order to expand the coverage of Mexican higher education and strengthen the cross-cultural communication between Mexican main groups and Indians,the Mexican government planned to establish a new type of educational institution in 2003,namely Intercultural University.This paper briefly introduces and analyzes the background,objectives,innovations,and achievements of the establishment of such universities and points out that Intercultural University has a series of difficulties and challenges in terms of funding,teachers,and autonomy of the university.In addition,this paper recommends that it promotes the sustainable development of the Intercultural University by expanding its funding sources,establishing a high-level and stable teaching team,and strengthening the Indians’participation.