柔性尾鳍的形状对仿生机器鱼水动力学特性的影响研究

Study on the effect of flexible caudal fin shape on the hydrodynamic characteristics of bionic robotic fish

研究了仿生机器鱼不同形状柔性尾鳍的水动力学特性。根据仿生学观测结果,研制了4种形状的仿生机器鱼尾鳍,通过开展水动力学实验,对比分析了尾鳍外形、结构、材料和运动参数对水动力学参数的影响。结果表明,增大尾鳍的摆角幅度和摆动频率有利于提高推进力,但会引起游动的不稳定性;柔性强的新月形尾鳍具有较好的推进性能;展弦比越小的无鳍条尾鳍,高频游动性能越好,鳍条会降低尾鳍的高频游动性能。

The hydrodynamic characteristics of bionic robotic fish with flexible caudal fin of different shapes were studied.The caudal fin of bionic robotic fish with four shapes has been developed based on the bionic observation results.By conducting hydrodynamic testing experiments,the effects of caudal fin shape,structure,material and motion parameters on hydrodynamic parameters were compared and analyzed.The results indicate that increasing the swing angle and frequency of the caudal fin is beneficial to improve the propulsive performance,but it can also cause instability in swimming;the flexible crescent shaped caudal fin has good propulsion performance;the smaller the aspect ratio,the better the high-frequency swimming performance of the finless caudal fin;the fin ray will reduce the high-frequency swimming performance of the caudal fin.