摩擦-消音片结构对盘式制动器尖叫噪声的影响研究

Study on the influence of brake pad and shim structure on the squeal noise of disc brake

针对某汽车盘式制动器存在制动尖叫噪声问题,研究了不同倒角结构的摩擦片、不同阻尼层厚度的消音片,以及两者匹配对制动尖叫噪声的影响,并通过台架试验分别对研究得到的最佳匹配方案和原方案进行噪声测试。研究结果表明,5种不同倒角结构摩擦片中,对称结构的倒角优于不对称结构,不对称结构的倒角解决频率较为集中的单处噪声效果较好,其中,对称直倒角结构降噪效果最好,但易诱发新的噪声;消音片阻尼层厚度逐渐增大时尖叫噪声发生的倾向性呈现先减小后增大的趋势;摩擦片与消音片的合理匹配能有效改善尖叫噪声,对称倒角和不对称倒角结构的摩擦片分别匹配消音片时的降噪趋势相反,其中对称斜倒角结构的摩擦片与阻尼层厚度为0.28 mm的消音片匹配时降噪效果最好,噪声发生度比原方案降低了97.98%。

In response to the issue of brake squeal noise in a certain automotive disc brake,brake pads with different chamfer structures,shim with different damping layer thicknesses,and the impact of their matching on brake squeal noise were studied.The optimal matching scheme and the original scheme obtained from the research were tested for noise through bench tests.The research results show that among the five types of brake pad chamfer structures,the symmetrical straight chamfer has the best noise reduction effect,and the chamfer of the symmetrical structure is better than the asymmetric structure.The chamfer of the asymmetric structure has a better effect on solving single noise with concentrated frequency,but it is easy to induce new noise;when the thickness of the damping layer of the shim gradually increases,the tendency of squeal noise occurrence shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing;the reasonable matching of brake pad and shim can effectively improve squealing noise.The noise reduction trend of brake pad with symmetrical chamfer and asymmetric chamfer structures when matched with shim is opposite.Among them,the brake pad with symmetrical oblique chamfer structure has the best noise reduction effect when matched with shim with a damping layer thickness of 0.28 mm,and the noise occurrence rate is reduced by 97.98%compared to the original plan.