全球主要国际组织、联盟和国家传染病立法回顾

Legislation of infectious disease laws in major international organizations,unions and countries in the world

传染病不断影响着人类社会的发展,为了控制传染病流行,传染病防治法律应运而生。随着传染病流行形式的变化,传染病立法也不断修订,以适应新的传染病防控需求,从而使法律体系不断完善。在《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》再次修订的重要时刻,本研究分析了世界卫生组织、欧洲联盟、英国、美国、俄罗斯和我国传染病法律体系的特点及其随时间演变的情况,分析不同国家及组织的传染病法律立法经验和法律体系的发展特点。基于这些特点,本研究针对传染病立法思路和异同进行了讨论和分析,结合我国传染病法律体系的现状,提出了《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》修订建议,以期更好地完善我国传染病法律体系。

In order to control the transmission of infectious diseases,which serious hinders the development of human society,the laws of infectious disease prevention and control have been legislated in major international organizations,unions and countries in the world.Due to the changes in infectious diseases transmission pattern,consecutive improvement in the legislation is needed to meet new requirements for infectious disease prevention and control.For the re-revision of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases,this paper introduces the characteristics of the systems and evolutions of the laws of infectious disease prevention and control of World Health Organization,the European Union,the United Kingdom,the United States,Russia and China to understand the legislative experience and system development of the laws of infectious disease prevention and control in different countries and organizations,and further discusses and compares the considerations in the legislations.Finally,this paper summarizes the suggestions for the re-revision of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases based on the current status of China’s law system for infectious disease prevention and control for the improvement of this system.