2021年内蒙古自治区死因监测点主要慢性非传染性疾病死亡情况及2014-2021年变化趋势分析

Analysis on mortality of major chronic diseases in 2021 and its trend from 2014 to 2021 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

目的通过分析2021年内蒙古自治区20个国家级死因监测点主要慢性非传染性疾病(简称“慢性病”)死亡情况及2014—2021年变化趋势,掌握主要慢性病的疾病负担,为慢性病的防控工作提供依据。方法通过人口死亡信息登记管理系统收集2014—2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点的数据,并使用《国际疾病分类》第10版对居民的根本死因进行分类和编码。使用SAS 9.4软件对原始数据进行清洗;使用Excel 2007和SPSS 23.0软件整理并计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率以及早死概率等数据,使用2010年第六次全国人口普查数据进行标化;使用Joinpoint软件计算平均年度变化百分比(AAPC),对数据进行趋势分析;率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点4种主要慢性病的粗死亡率为570.14/10万,其中女性为469.82/10万,男性为662.43/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=798.702,P<0.05)。2014—2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点居民粗死亡率为590.28/10万~663.04/10万,呈上升趋势(AAPC=1.35%,t=5.548,P<0.05);标化死亡率为641.38/10万~488.70/10万,呈下降趋势(AAPC=−3.54%,t=−8.805,P<0.05)。2014—2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点4种主要慢性病粗死亡率为499.61/10万~570.14/10万,呈上升趋势(AAPC=1.55%,t=4.822,P<0.05);标化死亡率为601.59/10万~414.63/10万,呈下降趋势(AAPC=−4.16%,t=−4.545,P<0.05)。2014—2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点4种主要慢性病早死概率为20.76%~14.59%,呈下降趋势(AAPC=−4.69%,t=−6.600,P<0.05)。结论2014—2021年内蒙古自治区国家级死因监测点居民粗死亡率呈上升趋势,心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、慢性呼吸系统疾病等慢性病是导致内蒙古自治区居民死亡的主要原因。要加大4种主要慢性病的防治力度,尤其要将男性群体作为重点人群来开展工作,同时重点关注老年群体。

Objective To analyze mortality of major chronic diseases in 20 national cause-of-death surveillance areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Inner Mongolia)in 2021 and its trend from 2014 to 2021 in Inner Mongolia,understand the disease burden of major chronic diseases and provide evidence for chronic disease prevention and control.Methods Death Information Registration Management system was used to collect the mortality data in national cause-of-death surveillance areas in Inner Mongolia during 2014–2021,and the International Classification of Diseases(10th edition)was used to classify and code the underlying causes of death in local residents.Software SAS 9.4 was used to clean the original data;Data such as crude mortality rate,standardized mortality rate and probability of premature death were collated and calculated by Excel 2007 and software SPSS 23.0,and the data from the sixth National Census in 2010 were used for standardization.Joinpoint software was used to calculate average annual percentage change(AAPC),and trend analysis was performed.The rates were compared byχ^(2) test.Results In 2021,the crude mortality rate of four major chronic diseases was 570.14/100000 in the national causeof-death surveillance area in Inner Mongolia,the mortality rate was 469.82/100000 in women and 662.43/100000 in men,and the rate was higher in men than in women(χ^(2)=798.702,P<0.05).From 2014 to 2021,the crude mortality rate ranged from 590.28/100000 to 663.04/100000 in residents in the national cause-of-death surveillance area in Inner Mongolia,showing an increasing trend(AAPC=1.35%,t=5.548,P<0.05)and the standardized mortality rate ranged from 641.38/100000 to 488.70/100000,showing a downward trend(AAPC=−3.54%,t=−8.805,P<0.05).From 2014 to 2021,the crude mortality rate of four major chronic diseases ranged from 499.61/100000 to 570.14/100000,in the national cause-of-death surveillance area in Inner Mongolia,showing an increasing trend(AAPC=1.55%,t=4.822,P<0.05)and the standardized mortality rate ranged from 601.59/100000 to 414.63/100000,showing a downward trend(AAPC=−4.16%,t=−4.545,P<0.05).From 2014 to 2021,the probability of premature death of four major chronic diseases ranged from 20.76%to 14.59%in the national cause-of-death surveillance areas in Inner Mongolia,showing a downward trend(AAPC=−4.69%,t=−6.600,P<0.05).Conclusion From 2014 to 2021,the crude mortality rate showed an increasing trend in residents in national cause-of-death surveillance areas in Inner Mongolia.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumors and chronic respiratory diseases were the main causes of death in residents in Inner Mongolia.In the future,the prevention and treatment of the four major chronic diseases should be strengthened,especially in men.Meanwhile,it is necessary to pay attention to the elderly.