大熊猫国家公园小相岭片区及周边居民对生态旅游发展的感知及参与意愿

Residents’perception and willingness to participate in ecotourism development in Xiaoxiangling and sur-rounding areas of the Giant Panda National Park

以社区参与模式发展生态旅游,既能提高当地居民生态旅游的参与和归属感,又利于加强居民对生态旅游的认同和支持度,促进人与自然和谐共生。以大熊猫国家公园小相岭片区为例,采用问卷和访谈结合的方法,调研当地生态旅游发展现状与发展过程中居民的民族文化感知、经济感知和参与意愿。结果表明:目前研究区域内居民生态旅游参与度较低,获取收益较少;民族文化感知对居民的参与意愿有显著正影响,路径系数为0.30(P<0.01);经济感知对居民的参与意愿具有显著正影响,路径系数为0.65(P<0.001),同时,经济感知在民族文化感知对参与意愿的正影响中起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.43(P<0.01)。为提升居民参与意愿,研究从民族文化融入、产品优化和专业培训3个方面提出建议,为国家公园的可持续发展提供参考。

The development of ecotourism through community participation can not only enhance the engagement and sense of belonging of local residents in ecotourism activities,but also strengthen their recognition and support for ecotourism,ultimately fostering harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.Taking the Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park as a case,we employed a combination of questionnaires and interviews to assess the current status of local ecotourism development and residents'perceptions of ethnic culture,economic factors,and their willingness to participate in the development.At present,the residents'participation in ecotour-ism in the study area is relatively low,with limited benefits.Ethnic culture perception significantly and positively influenced residents'willingness to participate,with a path coefficient of 0.30(P<0.01).Economic perception also significantly and positively affected residents'willingness to participate,with a path coefficient of 0.65(P<0.001).Additionally,economic perception partially mediated the positive impact of ethnic cultural perception on willingness to participate,with a mediating effect of 0.43(P<0.01).To enhance residents'willingness to par-ticipate,we recommend interventions in three key aspects:integrating ethnic culture into ecotourism,optimizing tourism products,and providing professional training.These recommendations would contribute to the sustainable development of national park and serve as a valuable reference for future initiatives.