《异形博恩》的后人类危机叙事与伦理救济

The Posthumanist Crisis Narratives and Ethical Remedy of Borne

《异形博恩》以推想小说的形式,通过构建多重危机叙事,探索了后人类时代中人类、非人类和环境之间的关系,以及应对挑战的对策。小说投射了后人类时代存在的种种困境,揭露资本主义在当代造成的生态、社会与道德危机,旨在唤起读者对人类中心论和人类霸权所代表的二元对立思维的警醒。范德米尔通过叙述拾荒者蕾秋与生化怪物博恩在后启示录城市废墟中的冒险故事,否定了消极的逃避主义和以暴制暴作为自救手段的可能性,倡导实践嵌入式的平等主义,建立横断性的普遍联结,并重视生成的力量,以建立一种肯定性的、消解人类中心主义的后人类伦理救济途径。

In the form of speculative fiction,Borne constructs multiple crisis narratives to explore the relationships among humans,non-humans,and the environment in the posthuman era,as well as strategies to address these challenges.The novel highlights various dilemmas of the posthuman era,exposing the ecological,social,and moral crises caused by advanced capitalism in contemporary times.It aims to awaken readers to the dangers of anthropocentrism and human hegemony,which perpetuate binary oppositional thinking.Through the story of the scavenger Rachel and the biotech-mediated monster Borne in the ruins of a post-apocalyptic city,VanderMeer rejects negative escapism and the use of violence as a means of self-rescue.Instead,he advocates for the practice of embedded egalitarianism,the establishment of transversal universal connections,and the importance of the power of becoming,which aims to create an affirmative posthuman ethical remedy that dispels anthropocentrism.