摘要
Future optical clock networks will require high-precision optical time-frequency transfer between satellites and ground stations.However,due to atmospheric turbulence,satellite motion and time delay between the satellite–ground transmission links will cause spatial and temporal variations,respectively,resulting in the breakdown of the time-of-flight reciprocity on which optical two-way time-frequency transfer is based.Here,we experimentally simulate the atmospheric effects by two-way spatio-temporally separated links between two stationary terminals located 113 km apart and measure the effects for optical two-way time-frequency transfer.Our experiment shows that the effect on the link instability is less than 2.3×10^(−19) at 10,000 s.This indicates that when the link instability of satellite-ground optical time-frequency transfer is on the order of 10^(−19),it is not necessary to consider the atmospheric non-reciprocity effects.
基金
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0309800,2020YFC2200103)
Strategic Priority Research Programme of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA15020400,XDB35030000)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274398,61825505,T2125010)
Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies(AHY010100)
Key RD Plan of Shandong Province(2020CXGC010105,2021ZDPT01)
Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2019SHZDZX01)
Innovation Programme for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0300100)
Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2018492,2021457).
