2型糖尿病肾病无创诊断方法研究新进展

Recent advances of non-invasive diagnostic modalities for type 2 diabetic kidney disease

糖尿病肾脏疾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)是目前在世界范围内的一种高度流行性疾病,是糖尿病常见的并发症,亦是导致终末期肾病的主要病因。DKD的临床特征是持续性蛋白尿伴或不伴肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate,GFR)的逐渐下降,尿微量白蛋白是目前公认的早期肾损伤的标志物,但有其局限性;而肾活检是DKD诊断的金标准,但因其有创无法大规模推广和开展。因此,积极寻找无创、可靠诊断DKD的方法具有重要意义。本文就近年来关于DKD早期无创诊断的研究进展进行阐述,为临床上DKD的早期诊断提供一定的价值参考。

As a highly prevalent disease worldwide,diabetes kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes and a major cause of end-stage renal disease(ESRD).One clinical symptom of DKD is persistent proteinuria with or without a gradual decrease in glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Urinary microalbumin is currently recognized as a marker of early renal injury.However,it has some limitations.Kidney biopsy is a gold diagnostic standard for DKD.Yet its wider applications are restricted by its invasive nature.Therefore actively seeking non-invasive and reliable diagnostic modalities for DKD is of great significance.This review summarized the latest researches of early non-invasive diagnosis of DKD and provided valuable references for an early diagnosis of DKD in clinical practices.