基于光栅传感器的巷道矿压监测技术

Roadway mine pressure monitoring technology of roadways based on grating sensor

巷道矿压监测是保障煤矿安全高效开采的重要手段之一,然而传统监测方式存在缺乏系统性、精度低、可靠性差、难以组网等弊端。以光栅传感器为监测手段,系统性设计并开发了包含顶板离层、锚杆轴力、围岩应力及锚杆载荷监测为一体的巷道矿压光栅监测系统,以解决当前监测手段的不足。首先,以内蒙古某矿81303回风巷为研究对象,通过数值模拟明晰了其两帮煤柱的应力分布规律,从而确定了该巷道的最佳测点布设方案。其次,搭建了巷道矿压光栅监测系统的整体架构,并开展了系统硬件配置和监测软件的设计研究,实现了对巷道矿压的实时在线监测与数据处理。此外,工业性应用测试表明该系统获得的矿压规律与传统手段基本一致,监测参量的相对误差最高为1.16%,验证了巷道矿压光栅监测系统的有效性与适应性。

Roadway mine pressure monitoring is one of the important means to ensure the safe and efficient mining of coal mines.However,the traditional monitoring methods have the disadvantages including lack of systematim,low accuracy,poor reliability,and difficulty in networking.In this paper,by using the grating sensor as a monitoring method,a roadway mine pressure grating monitoring system including roof separation,bolt stress,surrounding rock stress and bolt load monitoring was systematically designed and develop,to solve the shortcomings of current monitoring methods.Firstly,taking the 81303 return airway of a coal mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object,the stress distribution law of the two coal pillars was clarified by numerical simulation,and the optimal measuring point layout scheme of the roadway was determined.Secondly,the overall framwork of the roadway mine pressure grating monitoring system was built,and the design and research of the system hardware configuration and monitoring software were carried out to realize the real-time online monitoring and data processing of the roadway mine pressure.In addition,the industrial application test shows that the mine pressure law obtained by the system is generally consistent with those from the traditional method,and the relative error of the monitoring parameters is up to 1.16%,which verifies the effectiveness and adaptability of the mine pressure grating monitoring system.