轿车子午线轮胎瞬态冲击特性的仿真研究

Simulation Study on Transient Impact Characteristics of Passenger Car Radial Tire

以轿车子午线轮胎(简称轮胎)为研究对象,建立轮胎-转鼓有限元模型,并采用隐式-显式仿真分析方法对轮胎瞬态冲击特性进行仿真研究。结果表明:轮胎从较低速度向较高速度转变时,对障碍条的包覆行为存在由完全包覆向非完全包覆转移的现象;随着轮胎速度的增大,轮胎径向力最大幅值变化趋势为增大-减小-增大-减小,周向力最大幅值变化趋势与之相反;径向力衰减特性是轮胎固有属性,不随轮胎速度的变化而变化;在较低速度下负荷越小的轮胎行驶舒适性越好,在中等速度下适量负荷可以保证轮胎行驶舒适性最好,在较高速度下负荷越大的轮胎行驶舒适性越好。

Taking the passenger car radial tire(referred to as the tire)as the research object,a tire-drum finite element model was constructed,and the transient impact characteristics of the tire was simulated using the implicit-explicit simulation analysis method.The results showed that when the tire speed changed from the lower to the higher,there was a phenomenon of transition from complete envelopment to incomplete envelopment of the cleat.As the tire speed increased,the maximum amplitudes of the radial forces exhibited a trend of increasing-decreasing-increasing-decreasing,while the change trend of the maximum amplitudes of the circumferential forces of the tire was the opposite.The radial force attenuation characteristic was an inherent property of the tire,and it did not change with the tire speed.At lower speeds,the tires with smaller loads provided better driving comfort.At moderate speeds,an appropriate loads could ensure the best driving comfort of the tires.At higher speeds,the tires with larger loads offered better driving comfort.