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基于船舶观测的黑潮延伸体典型涡对的三维结构分析

Analysis of the three dimensional structure of a typical dipole in the Kuroshio extension based on shipboard observation
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摘要 为了理解黑潮延伸体(Kuroshio extension,KE)区域活跃的中尺度过程,认识该海域中尺度涡旋的三维结构,以及中尺度涡旋在水团再分配、海-气相互作用方面起到的贡献。基于船舶观测和卫星遥感数据,研究了2022年6—7月分别分布于KE主流轴南北两侧的一个气旋式涡旋(CE)和反气旋式涡旋(AE)构成的典型涡对三维结构特征。结果表明:(1) CE存在南向跨锋运动,剪切强迫主导了该CE的运动过程;AE则相对稳定地存在;(2) CE的“冷舌”结构在海表增温和黑潮暖水扩散作用下逐渐消退;由于对CE所携带冷水的夹带作用,AE表现出“反涡旋海表面温度异常”的结构;(3)该涡对内部温盐异常的多核结构与不同特性水团垂向再分配作用有关,AE内部流场斜压强,理查德森数小于临界值0.25的占比达50%左右,说明易引发湍流混合;CE上层垂向结构稳定,正压性强,使跨密面混合难以进行。该研究工作有助于提升对KE区域涡对特征和涡旋内部结构的认识,为进一步的涡旋动力研究提供支撑。 In order to understand the active mesoscale processes in the Kuroshio extension(KE) region,and reveal the three-dimensional structure of mesoscale eddies in this region,as well as the contributions of mesoscale eddies to water mass redistribution and ocean-atmosphere interactions,based on shipboard observations and satellite remote sensing data,this study investigates the three-dimensional structural characteristics of a typical eddy dipole composed of cyclonic eddy(CE) and an anticyclonic eddy(AE) distributed on the north and south sides of the KE axis,respectively,during June-July 2022.Results show that the CE has a southward cross-frontal motion dominated by shear forcing,while the AE remains relatively stable.The "cold tongue" structure of the CE gradually diminishes due to sea surface warming and heat diffusion from the KE axis,with the AE exhibiting a "reverse eddy sea surface temperature anomaly" structure due to the entrainment of cold water carried by the CE.The vertical multi-cores of internal temperature and salinity anomalies in the eddy dipole are related to the vertical redistribution of water masses with different characteristics.The AE′s internal flow field is strongly baroclinic,with around 50% of it having a Richardson number less than the critical value of 0.25,indicating a tendency for turbulent mixing.The upper layer of the CE is barotropic,hindering substantial diapycnal mixing.This study helps to enhance understanding of the eddy dipole characteristics and internal structure of eddies in the KE region,providing information for further research on eddy dynamics.
作者 卢宇辉 程灵巧 张俊 陈新军 魏永亮 LU Yuhui;CHENG Lingqiao;ZHANG Jun;CHEN Xinjun;WEI Yongliang(College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处 《上海海洋大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期1005-1019,共15页 Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金 国家自然科学基金(42130402) 农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估(公海渔业资源综合科学调查)专项(D-8025-23-1002)。
关键词 黑潮延伸体 中尺度涡对 演变特征 三维结构 Kuroshio extension mesoscale eddy dipole evolution characteristics three-dimensional structure
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