典型功率输出构型航改燃机动力学特点综述

Overview of Dynamic Characteristics of Typical Power Output Configuration for Aero-derived Gas Turbine

航改燃机是指以成熟航空发动机为母型,通过改进研制形成的燃气轮机,是近年来轻型燃气轮机研制的主要手段,可使开发技术难度显著降低、研制周期大幅缩短、研发费用有效缩减。根据航改燃机功率输出形式的不同,可分为:后端输出功率构型燃机、前端输出功率构型燃机和前后同时输出功率构型燃机三类构型,对应的动力学特性设计难度和设计理念差异显著。为了总结和掌握不同输出构型燃机动力学设计特点,开展三类输出构型的结构特征、临界转速-工作转速关系和应变能分布研究。结果表明:现阶段国内外航改燃机转子系统总体上仍追求工作转速范围内刚性转子设计,即需要严格控制转子应变能量级,因此保证和提高转子刚度是航改燃机动力学设计的重点;从结构差异来看,动力学设计由易到难依次为后端输出功率构型、前端输出功率构型、前后同时输出功率构型。研究和总结不同输出功率构型航改燃机动力学特点,对在研/新研航改燃机的设计和研制具有明显的工程参考意义。

The conversion of aircraft engines to gas turbines refers to the development of gas turbines based on mature aircraft engines through improvement.It is the main means of developing light gas turbines in recent years,which can significantly reduce technical dif-ficulties,shorten development cycles,and effectively reduce research and development costs.According to the different forms of power output from aero-derived gas turbine,they can be divided into three types of configurations:back-end output power configuration gas turbines,front-end output power configuration gas turbines,and front and rear simultaneous output power configuration gas turbines.In order to summarize and master the dynamic design characteristics of gas turbines with different output configurations,research on the structural characteristics,critical speed-operating speed relationship and strain energy distribution of three types of output configura-tions was carried out,a study was conducted on the dynamic characteristics of the above-mentioned configurations of aero-derived gas turbine.The results showed that:both domestic and foreign aviation engines are still pursuing the design of rigid rotors within the work-ing speed range for aero-derived gas turbine rotor systems,which requires strict control of rotor strain energy levels,ensuring and im-proving rotor stiffness is the key to the mechanical design of aero-derived gas turbine.From the perspective of structural differences,the order of dynamic design from easy to difficult is:back-end output power configuration,front-end output power configuration,and front and rear simultaneous output power configuration.Studying and summarizing the dynamic characteristics of aero-derived gas tur-bine with different output power configurations has significant engineering reference significance for the design and development of aero-derived gas turbine.