基于IGNITE软件的摩托车油耗仿真优化研究

Research on Simulation and Optimization of Motorcycle Fuel Consumption Based on IGNITE

降低车辆油耗是减少CO_(2)排放的一种重要手段。以Ricardo车辆性能计算软件IGNITE为平台,构建了某摩托车车辆性能计算模型,并进行了试验验证。在验证模型的基础上,利用优化软件HEEDS工具,将末级速比和各档位速比设定为优化变量,对摩托车排放测试循环(WMTC)中的油耗进行了优化,获得了油耗与各优化变量之间的相关性系数,明确了各优化速比对降低油耗的具体贡献量以及未来的优化方向。同时,根据优化分析的结果,确定了实现最低WMTC油耗时的优化变量参数配置。通过进一步的优化计算,发现了低WMTC油耗的循环轨迹规律:在低负荷时,由于摩擦损失占比较大,循环工况的轨迹倾向于在低速区域运行;随着负荷的增大,摩擦损失的占比逐渐减小,而热效应的占比则相应增大,循环轨迹会向燃烧效率更高的中速段移动;沿着等功率曲线,循环工况的总体趋势是向高负荷率区域运行。

Reducing vehicle fuel consumption is a crucial technical approach to mitigating CO_(2)emissions.Utilizing Ricardo's IGNITE vehicle performance calculation software as the platform,a motorcycle vehicle performance calculation model was established and experimentally validated.Based on the validated model,the optimization software HEEDS was employed to set the final drive ratio and individual gear ratios as optimization variables,optimizing fuel consumption during the WMTC.The correlation coefficients between fuel consumption and various optimization variables were derived,clarifying the specific contribution of each optimized gear ratio to fuel reduction and indicating future optimization directions.Additionally,based on the optimization analysis results,the optimal variable parameter configurations for achieving the lowest WMTC fuel consumption were determined.Through further optimization calculations,the cyclic trajectory patterns for low WMTC fuel consumption were discovered:At low loads,where friction losses account for a significant proportion,the cyclic operating conditions tend to operate in the low-speed region.As the load increases,the proportion of friction losses gradually decreases,while the thermal efficiency proportion correspondingly increases,shifting the cyclic trajectory towards the medium-speed segment with higher combustion efficiency.Along the constant power curve,the overall trend of the cyclic operating conditions is to operate in the high-load rate region.