大豆主要饲用性状的遗传分析与QTL定位

Genetic Analysis and Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Major Feeding Traits in Soybean

为培育高饲用价值的大豆品种,本研究以饲用性状差异较大的粤夏106和矮生泥豆为亲本,其衍生的F_(2)代为作图群体,利用覆盖大豆全基因组的660对SSR引物,对大豆株高、生物产量、酸性洗涤木质素和相对饲用价值等8个重要饲用性状进行QTL定位。结果表明:大豆株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝数、生物产量和中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤木质素含量、相对饲用价值之间均具有显著的相关性(P<0.05)。共检测到18个QTLs,分布在A1、B2、C1、C2、J和L共计6条连锁群上。其中,株高2个、主茎分枝1个、主茎节数3个、生物产量2个,中性洗涤纤维含量3个、酸性洗涤纤维含量1个、酸性洗涤木质素含量3个和相对饲用价值3个,单个QTL可解释的表型贡献率介于2.11%~59.77%,qADF-l、qADL-a1、qADL-c2、qBY-j、qNBMS-l、qNDF-j和qNNMS-l等7个位点为表型贡献率大于15%的主效QTLs。

To develop new soybean varieties with high feed value,Yuexia 106 and Aishengnidou,along with their F_(2)population,were used as the mapping population.A total of 660 SSR markers,covering the entire soybean genome,were employed to map quantitative trait locus(QTLs)for eight key feeding traits of soybean,such as plant height,biological yield,acid detergent lignin(ADL),relative feeding value(RFV),and so on.The results showed that significant phenotypic correlations(P<0.05)were observed among biological yield,branch number on the main stem,number of nodes per main stem,plant height,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),ADL,and RFV.A total of 18 QTLs were detected across six linkage groups(A1,B2,C1,C2,J,and L).These included 2 QTLs for plant height,1 for nodes per main stem,3 for branch number on the main stem,2 for biological yield,3 for NDF content,1 for ADF content,3 for lignin content,and 3 for RFV.The phenotypic variance explained by individual QTL ranged from 2.11%to 59.77%,with qADF-l,qADL-a1,qADL-c2,qBY-j,qNBMS-l,qNDF-j,and qNNMS-l having phenotypic contributions greater than 15%.