基于文献计量学可视化放牧对植物种群影响的研究历程

A Bibliometrics and Visualization Analysis of Grazing Impact on Plant Populations

草地在维持生物多样性,保护生态环境等方面具有重要意义,但不合理的放牧活动伴随气候因子的扰动可能对草地系统产生不可逆的消极影响。植物种群是构成群落并形成生产力的基本要素,系统地认识放牧对植物种群影响的研究脉络对进一步发挥草地生态系统的生态意义和经济效益具有重要作用。因此,本文基于文献计量学,通过CiteSpace软件对国内外有关放牧对植物种群影响的相关文献进行统计,就发文趋势及分布,研究主题及演变方向,研究特点与不足,未来创新与突破进行探讨。结果表明:1999~2022年国内外发文量随时间均呈逐渐增加趋势。在WOS数据库,我国发文量在全球国家中排名第4,中国科学院在全球机构排名第2;我国学者发文量以王德利、侯扶江等较高,且均为近些年(2020~2022年)发表;有关放牧对植物种群影响研究主要发表在Journal of Applied Ecology,Journal of Ecology等生态学领域的期刊。CNKI数据库中,主要发文机构具有地域性,其中内蒙古自治区内的机构在国内占一定优势;相关研究多在《中国草地学报》《草地学报》发表。国际上主要关注植物种群的动态、保护、生长、响应等种群特征指标,而国内聚焦多样性、生态系统、高寒草甸等大范围、系统性的指标。总体而言,我国有关放牧对植物种群影响的发文量较美国总体偏低,虽然近年(2019~2022年)发文量逐渐增加,但发文机构单一,发文期刊分散,研究范围具有局限性。因此,加强地区合作,深化研究层次,形成突破点可能是提升我国在该领域影响力的有效途径。

Grassland ecosystems play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity and environmental integrity.However,inappropriate grazing practices and climate-related disturbances can lead to irreversible damage.Understanding the impact of grazing on plant populations is essential for realizing the ecological and economic benefits of these ecosystems.The bibliometrics examined global and domestic literature on the effects of grazing on plant populations.Using CiteSpace software,we analyzed publication trends,research topics,characteristics,limitations,and potential future directions.The results showed that the number of publications globally and within China had steadily increased over time from 1999 to 2022.In the Web of Science(WOS)database,China ranked fourth globally in terms of publications,and the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the second-most prolific institution worldwide.Chinese scholars had made significant contribution,with researchers like Wang Deli and Hou Fujiang being particularly active in recent years(2020-2022).Research on the impact of grazing on plant populations is primarily published in ecological journals,including the Journal of Applied Ecology and the Journal of Ecology.In the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database,the main publishing institutions were regionally concentrated,with institutions in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region holding a significant advantage within China.Related research is predominantly published in the Chinese Journal of Grassland and Acta Agrestia Sinica.International research primarily focused on population-level characteristics(dynamics,protection,growth,and response),while domestic studies often adopted a broader perspective,encompassing diversity,ecosystems,and alpine meadows.Despite recent growth,Chinese research output in this field flag behind the United States.Although there had been a gradual increase in publications in recent years(2019-2022),the range of publishing institutions was narrow,the journals were scattered,and the research scope was limited.Strengthening regional cooperation,deepening research,and making breakthroughs can enhance China′s influence in this area.