3种不同繁殖技术在奶山羊反季节配种期的应用效果

The Application Effect of Three Different Breeding Techniques in Off-season Breeding Period of Dairy Goats

[目的]近年来,富平县依托全省“培育千亿级奶山羊全产业链”发展机遇,全力推进奶山羊全产业链建设,已把奶山羊产业建成“一县一策”首位特色畜牧产业。奶山羊产业的发展离不开良种繁育,相比季节性繁殖育种工作的显著成效,奶山羊反季节育种工作进展迟缓,成效有待提高。为了保证奶山羊全年开展高效的繁育工作,促进产业的稳步推进和快速发展,提高奶山羊反季节的受孕比例势在必行。[方法]本文通过奶山羊布病检测(虎红平板凝集试验与布病cELISA抗体检测)、公羊精液活力检测和胚胎的发育状态与形态检查等大量准备工作,在2024年4—7月期间,采用同期发情自然交配、同期发情人工授精和胚胎移植3种不同的繁殖技术在奶山羊反季节期进行配种试验对比。[结果]配种完成后第42~45天进行孕检,同期发情人工授精组受胎率(63.3%)明显高于胚胎移植受胎率(36.7%),高于同期发情自然交配组受胎率(56.7%);在奶山羊生产实践中,三轮孕检后,同期发情自然交配组、同期发情人工授精组受胎率(76.7%、83.3%)明显高于胚胎移植组(36.7%)。[结论]通过三组试验数据对比,同期发情人工授精组的受胎率最高,可在奶山羊生产实践中得到应用推广。

[Objective]In recent years,relying on the development opportunity of the province's"cultivating the whole industry chain of 100 billion dairy goats",Fuping county has fully promoted the construction of the whole industry chain of dairy goats,and has built the dairy goat industry into the first characteristic livestock industry of"one county and one policy".The development of dairy goat industry cannot be separated from improved breeding.Compared with the remarkable results of seasonal breeding,the progress of anti-season breeding of dairy goat is slow,and the results need to be improved.In order to ensure efficient breeding of dairy goats throughout the year and promote the steady advancement and rapid development of the industry,it is imperative to increase the proportion of off-season conception of dairy goats.[Method]In this paper,through a lot of preparation work,such as detection of brucellosis of dairy goats(tiger red plate agglutination test and brucellosis cELISA antibody detection),detection of semen viability of RAMS,and examination of embryonic development status and morphology,from April to July 2024,Three different reproductive techniques,natural mating,artificial insemination and embryo transfer,were used in the off-season of dairy goats.[Result]The pregnancy test on the 42~45 days after the completion of mating showed that the pregnancy rate in the same period of estrus artificial insemination group(63.3%)was significantly higher than that in the embryo transfer group(36.7%)and the natural mating group(56.7%).In the production practice of dairy goats,after three rounds of pregnancy test,the pregnancy rate of natural mating group and artificial insemination group(76.7%and 83.3%)was significantly higher than that of embryo transfer group(36.7%).[Conclusion]Through the comparison of the three groups of experimental data,the pregnancy rate of the estrous artificial insemination group was the highest,which could be applied and promoted in the production practice of dairy goats.