“元白”的谏臣意识与文学实践

The Remonstrating Minister Consciousness and Literary Practice of“Yuan-Bai”

谏议制度在唐代达到成熟,设有制度严密、分工明确的谏院与谏臣,给予了谏官宽松的谏议环境以及极大的谏诤权力,保障谏议活动的开展。然而,中唐以后,由于社会的动荡以及皇帝的昏庸,谏议制度的实施阻碍重重。元稹和白居易是中唐时期的谏官,他们有着强烈的谏臣意识,表现在他们的谏诤活动和文学作品中。“元白”的谏议活动留下了大量的文学作品,极具特色,可分为三个阶段,第一阶段为任职前,文学作品带有强烈的谏臣意识;第二阶段为任职中,文学作品具有谏臣进谏的语言艺术;第三阶段为罢职后,以“以诗谏诤”的心态来进行文学创作。

The system of remonstrance reached maturity in the Tang Dynasty,with a strict and clear division in the remonstrance court and officials,which provided a relaxed environment and great power to launch the remonstrance activities.However,the emperors’fatuity and social turmoil in the middle and late period of Tang Dynasty greatly hindered the implementation of the remonstrance system.As remonstrating ministers in the middle Tang Dynasty,both Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi had a strong sense of remonstrance,which was reflected in their remonstrating activities and literary works.The remonstrating activities of“Yuan-Bai”left behind a large number of highly distinctive literary works,which can be divided into three stages.Stage one,before the inauguration,the literary works of“Yuan-Bai”have strong remonstrating minister consciousness;Stage two,during the tenure,the literary works of“Yuan-Bai”have the linguistic art of remonstrance;Stage three,after the dismissal,“Yuan-Bai”carried out literary creation with a mentality of“remonstrating with poetry”.