全面依法治国视角下先秦法家思想当代价值探析

An Analysis of the Contemporary Value of Pre-Qin Legalism from the Perspective of Comprehensively Implement the Rule of Law

法家思想始于春秋时期,至战国末期形成具有理论意义和实践价值的思想流派,其以实用和效率为要,核心主张“以法治国”“赏善罚暴”,虽然因忽视道德、过分严苛等遭到诟病,但对于稳定社会治理,巩固长治久安具有不可否认的历史价值。法家提倡的“因时顺民”“任法去私”“一断于法”“以吏为师”等理念,对于科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法具有相应的借鉴意义。实现全面依法治国,建设中国特色社会主义现代化法治国家,应从传统法律文化中汲取经验,立法做到因时而变、简明稳定;执法应当严格依法、违法必究;司法应惟法为准绳、人人平等;守法注重普法教育,从最小单元构建法治社会秩序。

Legalism originated in the Spring and Autumn period,and developed into a philosophical school with theoretical significance and practical value by the end of the Warring States period.Emphasizing pragmatism and efficiency,its core tenets include“governing the country by law”and“rewarding the good and punishing the wicked”.Although criticized for neglecting morality and being overly harsh,its undeniable historical value lies in stabilizing social governance and consolidating long-term stability.The Legalists advocated concepts such as“adapting to the times and following the will of the people”,“letting the law take precedence over personal interests”,“enforcement without distinction”,and“learning from officials”.These ideas have corresponding reference significance for scientific legislation,strict law enforcement,fair judiciary,and universal compliance.To comprehensively implement the rule of law and build a modern socialist country with Chinese characteristics,we should draw on experiences from traditional legal culture,ensuring legislation adapts to the times,is concise,and stable;enforcement is strictly based on the law,and violations are prosecuted;and judiciary is guided by the law as the criterion,ensuring equality for all.Emphasizing compliance with the law,promoting legal education,and constructing a legal social order from the smallest unit.