基于Agent模型的高校宿舍楼人群疏散仿真研究

Simulation Research on Crowd Evacuation of Dormitory Buildings in University Based on Agent Model

为提高高校宿舍楼疏散效率、缩短疏散时间,本文运用Agent模型模拟研究某七层高校宿舍楼人员疏散过程,通过研究人员数量、群组行为、逃生滑梯对疏散行为的影响,发现疏散时间是人员数量的三次多项式函数,且随群组比例和群组凝聚力的提高而增大;较大规模群组的疏散时间比较小群组的疏散时间长,其原因在于较小群组的等待时间较短,表明个体应急演练的效果会优于集体应急演练;逃生滑梯位于五楼时可最大程度减少总疏散时间,其原因在于此时各楼梯通道的利用率最均衡。

The study aims to improve the evacuation efficiency and shorten the evacuation time of university dormitory building.The Agent model was used to simulate the evacuation process in a seven-story university dormitory building.Influences of the number of people,group behavior and escape slide on evacuation behavior were studied.It was found that the evacuation time was a cubic polynomial function of the number of people and increased with increasing the group proportion and group cohesion.The evacuation time of large-scale groups is longer than that of small-scale group because the waiting time of small-scale group is shorter,which implies that it is better to conduct the evacuation drill for each individual than for a team.If the escape slide is located on the fifth floor,the total evacuation time can be most reduced since the differences among utilization times of three evacuation routes are minimized.Improved the efficiency of personnel evacuation process and provided reference for personnel evacuation process.