美国中小学国家认同教育:理念、实践与启示

National Identity Education in American Elementary and Middle Schools:Concepts,Practices and Implications

在全球教育体系中,国家认同教育是国民教育中最核心的内容,对维护社会和谐与国家安全至关重要。美国是世界上实施国家认同教育最早的国家之一,通过文献分析、案例研究和比较研究,对美国中小学国家认同教育的理念与实践进行研究分析,发现美国中小学国家认同教育主要体现在多元文化融合、反对种族偏见以及公民教育三方面,形成了培养多元包容的价值观、促进公平正义的民族观以及追求公民全面发展特色鲜明的国家认同教育观。基于研究发现,为我国中小学国家认同教育提出相关建议,应从社会主义核心价值观的传承与深化、多元一体的民族融合以及对教育创新的资源整合策略实施三方面,促进我国中小学生形成坚定的国家认同感,培养具有全球视野和社会责任的未来公民,为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦贡献力量。

In the global education system,national identity education is regarded as a key goal,aiming to cultivate students'sense of national belonging and loyalty,which is crucial to maintaining social harmony and national security.In the face of many challenges,primary and secondary schools in the United States have developed distinctive national identity education,endeavouring to overcome racial prejudice and strengthen the sense of national identity while respecting multiculturalism.Through literature analysis,case studies and comparative studies,we explore the concepts and practices of national identity education in American primary and secondary schools,which are mainly embodied in the aspects of multicultural integration,opposition to racial prejudice,and civic education.This is a great inspiration for national identity education in primary and secondary schools in China,which needs to enhance the sense of national identity of primary and secondary school students under the guidance of socialist core values,deepen the understanding of national identity education under the principle of"pluralism and unity",and promote the innovation and development of national identity education through the integration of primary and secondary school educational and teaching resources and various types of social resources,so as to build a harmonious and inclusive society and promote the development of national identity education.It also promotes the innovative development of national identity education through the integration of teaching and learning resources in primary and secondary schools and various social resources,with a view to contributing to the building of a harmonious and inclusive society.