多元共治:英国中小学体育治理实践的经验与启示

Multi-Subject Co-Governance:Experiences and Insights from the Practice of Physical Education Governance in UK Primary and Secondary Schools

体育运动不仅与中小学生身心健康发展水平息息相关,还对他们的学业成就、意志品质、生活习惯以及人际交往产生深远影响。但在快餐流行、电子产品普及的背景下,英国中小学生面临着肥胖、久坐、运动水平不足等问题。在不断优化中小学体育治理的过程中,英国政府通过构建由多部门、中小学校、体育社会组织等多主体参与的多元共治格局,形成引领中小学体育政策宏观走向的决策机制,协同推进中小学体育政策落实的实施机制,衡量学校体育政策实施效果与改进方向的评估机制,通过凝聚利益表达共识、构造整体性治理框架、发挥基层型组织治理活力的路径,实现了多元主体的优势互补,有效应对了中小学体育治理过程中的碎片化问题,激发了底层参与学校体育治理的活力,对健全我国“协同育人”的学校体育发展机制具有重要借鉴意义。

Physical education is crucial not only for the physical and mental health development of school students but also significantly impacts their academic performance,willpower,lifestyle habits and interpersonal interactions.However,in the UK,school students face challenges such as obesity,sedentary lifestyles and inadequate physical activity due to the prevalence of fast food and electronic devices.The UK government has continuously optimized physical education governance in primary and secondary schools by establishing a multi-subject co-governance framework involving various government departments,schools,and sports organizations.This framework has shaped a decision-making mechanism guiding the macro direction of school physical education policies,an implementation mechanism coordinating the advancement of policy implementation,and an evaluation mechanism assessing policy effectiveness and improvement directions.Through efforts to consolidate consensus on interest expression,construct a holistic governance framework,and harness the governance vitality of grassroots organizations,the UK has achieved complementary advantages among multiple subjects.This approach effectively addresses the fragmentation issue in the governance process and stimulates grassroots participation in school physical education governance.These insights are crucial for enhancing the"synergistic education"mechanism in our country's school physical education development.