基于德尔菲法和层次分析法构建医院药师人文关怀能力的指标体系

Constructing an index system of humanistic care capability of hospital pharmacists based upon Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process

目的:构建医院药师人文关怀能力的指标体系,提高药师的人文关怀能力和药学服务水平,加强医疗服务的人文关怀,构建和谐的医患关系。方法:基于Watson关怀理论,运用德尔菲法和文献分析法构建医院药师人文关怀能力的指标体系,利用层次分析法计算各级指标权重,采用调查问卷法进行指标体系的信效度分析。结果:本研究共遴选药学专家25名,平均年龄为(39.44±5.60)岁,平均工作年限为(15.36±7.35)年。函询专家的熟悉系数为0.724,判断系数为0.880,权威系数为0.802。各级指标的肯德尔系数均在0.340~0.671,χ^(2)检验P值均<0.05,具有统计学意义。经过两轮德尔菲专家函询后,最终确定医院药师人文关怀能力的指标体系,包括一级指标5个,二级指标24个;利用层次分析法确定各指标的权重;问卷调查法检测指标体系具有良好的信效度。结论:该研究构建的医院药师人文关怀能力指标体系具有较好的科学性和权威性,能够为医院药师人文关怀能力和医疗服务质量的提升及相关政策的制定提供参考依据。

OBJECTIVE To construct an index system of humanistic care capability of hospital pharmacists,improve humanistic care capability and pharmaceutical service levels of hospital pharmacists,strengthen humanistic cares of medical services and foster a harmonious physician-patient relationship.METHODS Based upon Watson’s caring theory,Delphi method and literature analysis were utilized for constructing an index system of humanistic caring capability of hospital pharmacists.Analytic hierarchy process was utilized for calculating the weights of parameters at all levels.And questionnaire method was employed for evaluating the reliability and validity of the index system.SPSS 26.0 and Excel 2013 were utilized for statistical analysis of each quantitative index.Cronbach’s α coefficient was adopted for evaluating the reliability of the index system and P<0.05 denoted statistical significance.RESULTS A total of 25 pharmaceutical experts were selected with an average age of(39.44±5.60)year and an average practicing career of(15.36±7.35)year.All experts had a professional title of pharmacist-in-charge or above and bachelor degree or above.Motivation coefficient(C_(j))was represented by recovery rate of expert consultation questionnaire.Two rounds of letter inquiries were both 100%,indicating that experts had a high motivation.The familiarity degree of expert was 0.724 with a judgment coefficient of 0.880 and an authority coefficient of 0.802.Kendall coordination coefficients of all indices ranged from 0.340 to 0.671 and P values of Chi-square test were all statistically significant(P<0.05).After two rounds of expert correspondence consultation,index system of humanistic care capability of hospital pharmacists was finally determined,including 5 first-level and 24 second-level parameters.The weights of each index were determined by analytic hierarchy process.The index system demonstrated excellent reliability and validity by questionnaire method.CONCLUSION The index system of humanistic care capability of hospital pharmacists established here is both scientific and authoritative,providing references for optimizing humanistic care capability of hospital pharmacists.It may further improve the qualities of pharmaceutical care,enhance medical experiences and boost patient satisfactions at medical institutions.