供应链集中度如何影响数字企业研发投入?——兼论市场竞争地位的调节作用

How does Supply Chain Concentration Affect R&D Investmentin Digital Enterprises?——Analyzing the Moderating Role of Market Competitive Position

数字经济作为一种新的经济形态,促使企业在密切关注外部环境变化的同时积极寻求创新动力和资源,已成为新一轮产业革命中驱动我国经济高质量发展的重要载体。从供应链结构角度出发,选取2016—2020年中国数字经济上市企业为研究样本,结合数字企业市场竞争地位,系统分析供应链集中度对数字企业研发投入强度的影响和可能的传导路径。结果表明:供应链集中度越高,数字企业研发投入强度越低,且企业市场竞争地位对二者之间关系具有正向调节作用。从产权异质性角度来看,供应链集中度对国有数字企业研发投入强度的负向影响要明显大于对民营数字企业,且国有数字企业市场竞争地位对二者之间关系的正向调节作用更加显著。进一步分析发现,相对客户集中度来说,供应商集中度对数字企业研发投入强度的负向影响更大,供应链集中度对企业研发投入的抑制作用主要通过上游供应商进行传导。因此,数字企业进行创新决策时,要从供应链的视角出发,考虑主要供应商、客户的经营战略,着力提升自身的竞争能力和市场地位,从而提高创新投入、增强创新能力。

The digital economy,as a new form of economy,encourages enterprises to actively seek innovative driving forces and resources while closely monitoring changes in the external environment.It has become an important carrier for the new round of industrial revolution and driving high-quality development of China s economy.From the perspective of supply chain structure,this paper selected domestic digital economy listed companies from 2016 to 2020 as research samples,combined with the market competitive position of digital enterprises,systematically analyzes the impact of supply chain concentration on the R&D investment intensity of digital enterprises and possible transmission path based on the market competitive position of digital enterprises.The results show that the higher the concentration of supply chain,the lower the R&D investment intensity of digital enterprises.What s more,the market competitive position has a positive moderating effect on the negative impact between them.From the perspective of property right heterogeneity,supply chain concentration of state-owned digital enterprises has a significantly greater negative impact on R&D investment intensity than private digital enterprises,and the market competitive position of state-owned digital enterprises has a more significant positive regulating effect on the relationship between them.Further analysis shows that,compared with customer concentration,the supplier concentration of digital enterprises has a greater negative impact on the intensity of enterprise R&D investment.The inhibition effect of supply chain concentration on enterprise R&D investment is mainly transmitted through upstream suppliers.Therefore,when making innovation decisions,digital enterprises should take the perspective of supply chain,consider the business strategies of major suppliers and customers,and focus on improving their own competitiveness and market position,so as to increase innovation investment and enhance innovation ability.