他者性师生关系:内涵、特征与实践路径——基于他者伦理学的视角

The Relationship between Teachers and Students Based on the Otherness:Connotation,Characteristics,and Practical Paths——From the Perspective of Other-oriented Ethics

师生关系是教育教学中最基本的一对关系,和谐稳定的师生关系有利于教育工作的顺利进行。基于他者伦理学提出的他者性师生关系是一种“我—他”关系、“非对称”关系以及伦理责任关系,其表现出的特征包括学生作为“绝对他者”具有“他异性”、教师作为“责任主体”具有“为他性”、师生交往的时间观念具有“异质性”。他者性师生关系的实践方略主要涵扩以下三个方面:一是从“为己”到“为他”,转变教师个人的主体观念;二是从“平等对话”到“伦理责任”,重塑师生之间的交往逻辑;三是从“素质关怀”到“人文关怀”,革新师生之间的交往模式。

The teacher-student relationship is the most basic pair of relationship in education and teaching,and a harmonious and stable teacher-student relationship is conducive to the smooth progress of educational work.The relationship between teachers and students based on the ethics of otherness is a“me-him”relationship,an“asymmetric”relationship,and an ethical responsibility relationship.The characteristics it exhibits include students as“absolute others”with“otherness”,teachers as“responsible subjects”with“otherness”,and the time concept of teacher-student interaction with“heterogeneity”.The practical strategies of the otherness relationship between teachers and students mainly include the following three aspects:firstly,from“for oneself”to“for others”,changing the subjective concept of teachers;the second is to remold the communication logic between teachers and students from“equal dialogue”to“ethical responsibility”;and the third is to transform the communication mode between teachers and students from“quality care”to“humanistic care”.