数据跨境流转风险分类监管策略研究

Research on Risk Classification Supervision Strategy of Cross-border Data Flow

在数字化时代,数据被视为重要战略资源,随着数据的不断积累和技术的不断发展,数据跨境流动的风险和挑战也越来越大。如何制定监管政策保障数据安全和隐私权益已经成为全球性问题。本文构建政府和企业的博弈模型进行理论分析,并对结论进行数值仿真验证。结果表明,长期来看,政府必然趋向于采用事后问责监管策略。从企业角度看,总体数据量较少时,禁止跨境流通数据比例低的行业会稳定在合规运营状态,而禁止跨境流通数据比例高的行业则会稳定在违规运营状态;当总体数据量较多时,会有禁止跨境流通数据比例过高的行业也进入合规运营状态,只有禁止跨境流通数据比例处于特定中间范围的行业会继续稳定在违规运营状态。此外,禁止跨境流通数据价值的溢价增长会驱动更多行业进入违规运营状态。本文结论有助于明晰企业在数据跨境流转业务中经营策略变化的基本逻辑,发现政策执行过程的演化规律,为我国数据跨境流转监管政策制定提供理论依据和参考。

In the digital era,data is regarded as an important strategic resource,and with the continuous accumulation of data and the continuous development of technology,the risk and challenge of cross-border data flow are also increasing.How to develop regulatory policies to protect data security and privacy rights has become a global issue.In this paper,a model of the game between the government and enterprises is constructed for theoretical analysis,and the conclusion is verified by numerical simulation.The results show that in the long run,the government is bound to adopt the post-accountability regulation strategy.From the perspective of enterprises,when the total amount of data is small,the industry with a low proportion of prohibited cross-border data will stabilize in the state of compliance operation,while the industry with a high proportion of prohibited cross-border data will stabilize in the state of violation operation.When the overall data volume is large,some industries with a high proportion of prohibited cross-border data will also enter the compliant operation state,and only industries with a specific intermediate proportion of prohibited cross-border data will continue to stabilize in the illegal operation state.In addition,prohibiting the premium growth of cross-border data value will drive more industries into the state of illegal operations.The conclusion of this paper helps clarify the basic logic of the change of business strategy in the cross-border data business,discover the evolution law of the policy implementation process,and provide theoretical basis and reference for the formulation of regulatory policies on cross-border data flow in China.