西部乡村小学教师职业倦怠现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Job Burnout of Primary School Teachers in Western Rural Areas

通过问卷调查和个案访谈法研究西部地区乡村小学教师的职业倦怠情况,探讨其与教学设施、社会支持、薪酬水平及教师培训和支持措施之间的关系。结果表明,受访教师对情绪衰竭、缺乏人情味、低个人成就感3个维度的职业倦怠呈现出不同程度的分布,其中情绪衰竭维度中度和重度程度的人相对较多。大部分受访教师认为教学设施和资源满足程度维度处于中等水平,对社会支持程度、教师培训和支持措施维度的评价相对较高,普遍认为薪酬水平较低。教学设施和资源满足程度、社会支持程度、薪酬水平及教师培训和支持措施的有效性维度均与教师职业倦怠存在显著相关关系。基于此,提出提高乡村小学教师的情绪管理能力,加强对乡村小学教师的人文关怀和社会支持等建议,以有效改善西部乡村小学教师的职业倦怠现象。

Through questionnaire survey and case interview,the study researches the burnout of rural primary school teachers in western China,and discusses the relationship between burnout and teaching facilities,social support,salary level,teacher training and support measures.The results show that in emotional exhaustion,lack of humanness and low personal achievement,the degree of job burnout of the interviewed teachers shows different degrees of distribution,among which the degree of moderate and severe emotional exhaustion is relatively high.Most interviewed teachers think that the level of satisfaction of teaching facilities and resources is at a medium level.The evaluation of the level of social support,teacher training and support measures is relatively high.And the salary level is generally low.The satisfaction degree of teaching facilities and resources,the degree of social support,the salary level and the effectiveness dimension of teacher training and support measures are significantly correlated with teacher burnout.Based on this,it is suggested to improve the emotional management ability of rural primary school teachers,and promote the humanistic care and social support for rural primary school teachers,so as to effectively improve the job burnout phenomenon of western rural primary school teachers.