假单胞菌属微生物对尼古丁降解的研究进展

Research progress in nicotine degradation by Pseudomonas

尼古丁是烟草中含量最多的一种生物碱,对环境和人体都会造成很大的危害。微生物能将尼古丁作为生长所需的能量来源,是高效的环境修复能手。假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)生长迅速且对环境具有较强的适应力,能够利用尼古丁作为唯一碳源、氮源来生长,具有高效的降解能力及研究价值。为阐明假单胞菌属微生物对尼古丁降解的特点及作用机制,本文介绍了假单胞菌属降解尼古丁的菌株及特点,分析了假单胞菌降解尼古丁的中间产物和代谢途径,总结了假单胞菌降解尼古丁的相关基因,最后对如何提高假单胞菌属降解尼古丁的能力等进行了展望,以期为微生物降解尼古丁的研究与应用提供指导。

Nicotine is the most abundant alkaloid in tobacco and causes serious harm to both the environment and the human body.Microorganisms using nicotine as the energy source for growth can serve environmental remediation.Pseudomonas strains grow quickly and are highly adaptable to the environment.Moreover,they can grow with nicotine as the only carbon and nitrogen source,with excellent degradation performance and research potential.To elucidate the characteristics and mechanism of nicotine degradation by Pseudomonas,this paper introduced the strains and characteristics of Pseudomonas that can degrade nicotine,detailed the intermediates and pathways of nicotine degradation by Pseudomonas,and summarized the related genes.Finally,this paper prospected the ways to improve the ability of Pseudomonas in degrading nicotine,aiming to provide guidance for future research and applications of microbial degradation of nicotine.