数智中医(闻)嗅诊分析流程研究进展

Research progress of the olfactory diagnosis analysis process for smart traditional Chinese medicine

嗅诊是中医“望、闻、问、切”四诊中“闻诊”的重要组成部分,是通过嗅辨患者身体及分泌物、排泄物所散发的气味与病室气味以诊察疾病的方法。近年来,随着医工融合、多学科交叉的不断发展,推动中医逐渐向精准、高效、个性化医疗跨越,开启了中医“数智化”的新篇章。与此同时,数智中医的发展推进了以(闻)嗅诊为基本原理的无创诊断研究。本文对数智中医(闻)嗅诊分析流程的研究进展进行了综述,归纳了数智中医嗅诊在样品采集、待测物富集和数据处理方面的进展,总结了不同疾病的生物标志物在人体的代谢途径,探讨了数智中医(闻)嗅诊领域面临的挑战,以期为数智中医(闻)嗅诊在未来的创新发展提供路径与依据,为推进中医(闻)嗅诊的客观化、标准化、智慧化发展提供新视角。

Olfactory diagnosis is an essential part of the“listening and smell diagnosis”in the four diagnostics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)—inspection,listening/smell,inquiring,and palpation.It is a method of diagnosing diseases by smelling the odor emitted from the patient’s body,secretions and excretions,as well as the odor of the sick room.In recent years,with the continuous development of medical-engineering integration and interdisciplinarity,TCM has been promoted to gradually move towards precision,efficiency and personalized medicine.This has initiated a new era of smart TCM.At the same time,the development of smart TCM has boosted the study of non-invasive diagnosis by olfactory diagnosis.This paper reviewed the research progress on the analysis process of olfactory diagnosis in smart TCM.The advances in sample collection,analyte enrichment,and data processing for smart TCM olfactory diagnosis were summarized,the metabolic pathways of biomarkers for different diseases in humans were outlined,the challenges faced in the field of olfactory diagnosis of smart TCM were discussed.This will provide a path and basis for the innovative development of olfactory diagnosis of smart TCM in the future.It can also provide a new perspective for promoting the development of objectification,standardization and intelligence of smart TCM olfactory diagnosis.