预防深静脉血栓的循证护理实践工作模式的构建研究

Development of a working model of evidence-based nursing practice in deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis

目的构建预防深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)的循证护理实践工作模式,为护士开展预防DVT循证护理实践提供较为科学且有针对性的理论依据。方法以课题小组前期开展的预防髋膝关节置换术后DVT循证护理实践项目为支撑,课题小组采用理论分析法、头脑风暴法构建工作模式初稿,采用专家会议法对初稿内容进行论证,确定预防DVT的循证护理实践工作模式。结果选择知识转化模式作为构建预防DVT的循证护理实践工作模式的基本框架;依据理论域框架、计划行为理论和社会认知理论对预防DVT循证护理实践行为改变的影响因素进行深入探讨;与会专家权威系数为0.904,专家权威程度高,结果可靠。最终构建的预防DVT的循证护理实践工作模式主要包括知识产生、发现问题、本土化调试、知识应用、知识的持续使用、循证实践行为改变的概念框架6个方面的内容。结论该研究在理论分析的基础上,结合临床实践,运用专家会议法制订了预防DVT的循证护理实践工作模式,制订方法科学,研究内容可靠,为护士开展预防DVT的循证护理实践提供理论依据。

Objective To construct an evidence-based practice model for nurses in preventing deep vein thrombosis(DVT)and provide a scientific and targeted theoretical basis for nurses to carry out evidence-based nursing practice in DVT prevention.Methods Based on the previous evidence-based nursing practice project on DVT prevention after hip and knee arthroplasty,the research team used theoretical analysis and brainstorming to develop a draft of the work model.Expert meetings were organized to validate the content of the draft using the Delphi method,leading to the finalization of the evidence-based practice model for nurses in preventing DVT.Results The Knowledge-to-Action(KTA)framework was selected as the basic framework for constructing the evidence-based nursing practice model for preventing DVT.Theoretical Domain Framework,Theory of Planned Behavior,and Social Cognitive Theory were chosen to explore the influencing factors of nurses’behavior change in preventing DVT through evidence-based practice.The authority coefficient of the participating experts was 0.904,indicating high reliability.The final model consisted of 6 key components:knowledge generation,problem identification,localization and adaptation,knowledge application,sustained knowledge use,and conceptual framework for behavior change through evidence-based practice.Conclusion Based on theoretical analysis and clinical practice,this study developed an evidence-based practice model for nurses in preventing DVT using the expert meeting.The research methodology was scientific,and the content was reliable,providing a theoretical basis for nurses to engage in evidence-based nursing practice for DVT prevention.