文学作品“具体化”理论中的“时间透视”现象新探

A New Study on the“Temporal Perspective”Phenomenon in the“Concretization”Theory of Literary Works

“时间透视”是罗曼·英伽登在文学作品研究中提出的一种审美现象。学界以往的研究主要受罗曼·英伽登在《对文学的艺术作品的认识》中思考路径的影响,即从“时间透视”问题的思想渊源及常见的样态来把握,较少对这一现象的发生结构进行研究。“时间透视”作为发生于文学作品“具体化”过程中的重要现象,是影响审美对象生成、审美价值产生的重要维度。其中,语词的各种时间形式为“时间透视”现象的发生提供了坚实的语言学基础。从功能维度上讲,“时间透视”可从认知、情感、价值三个维度展开,以此在文学作品“具体化”过程中发挥审美效应,使读者更自由地对作品进行审美式的回溯、前瞻与驻足。

“Temporal Perspective”is an aesthetic phenomenon proposed by Roman Ingarden in the study of literary works.Previous academic research has been mainly influenced by his thought process in The Cognition of the Literary Work of Art,particularly focusing on the ideological origins and common patterns of“Temporal Perspective”,with less attention paid to the structural research of this phenomenon.“Temporal Perspective”,as an important phenomenon that occurs during the“Concretization”of literary works,plays a vital role in influencing the generation of aesthetic objects and the creation of aesthetic values.The various temporal forms of words provide a solid linguistic foundation for the occurrence of the“Temporal Perspective”phenomenon.From a functional perspective,“Temporal Perspective”unfolds across the three dimensions of cognition,emotion and value,in order to exert aesthetic effects during the“Concretization”of literary works,allowing readers to engage freely in aesthetic retrospection,anticipation,and contemplation of the works.