“阿Q之死”背后的“时代”问题——对《死去了的阿Q时代》的一种解读

The“Era”Issues Behind“The Death of Ah Q”——An Interpretation of The Dead Era of Ah Q

钱杏邨《死去了的阿Q时代》一文中频繁出现的“时代”“现代”等词汇颇具深意。青年革命者继承了五四一代的线性时间观念,“时代”成为价值及意识形态本身,这种看待时间的方式具有现代性的要素。革命文学与启蒙文学用“新”来否定“旧”,否定行为的重复发生却又在线性时间中构成轮回,体现出两类文学之间奇特的“断裂的延续”。这种“断裂的延续”还体现为启蒙方式的转换与启蒙程度的深化。“阿Q之死”既是革命时代到来的隐喻,也是农民在文化斗争中摆脱被动地位的隐喻。

The frequent appearance of the words“era”and“modern”in Qian Xingcun’s article The Dead Era of Ah Q is worth pondering.Young revolutionaries inherit the linear concept of time held by the May Fourth intellectuals,and“era”becomes the value and ideology in itself,showing the elements of modernity.Both revolutionary literature and enlightenment literature use the“new”to deny the“old”,and the repetition of the denial behaviors constitutes reincarnation in linear time,reflecting the peculiar“continuity of fractures”between the two types of literature.This“continuity of fractures”is also reflected in the transformation of enlightenment methods and the deepening of the degree of enlightenment.“The death of Ah Q”is not only a metaphor for the arrival of the revolutionary era,but also a metaphor for peasants to get rid of their passive position in the cultural struggle.