科技金融政策对城市碳排放的影响机制研究

Research on the Impact Mechanism of Scientific and Technological Financial Policies on Urban Carbon Emissions

在高质量发展阶段,实现碳达峰、碳中和是一场广泛而深刻的变革,需要利用科技金融形成污染治理的长效机制。论文将科技与金融结合试点政策看作一个准自然实验,基于2006—2019年283个地级及以上城市数据,运用双重差分(DID)模型探究科技金融对城市碳排放的影响。研究结果显示,科技金融有利于促进城市节能减排,相较于非试点城市,政策试点使得城市碳排放强度显著降低。经过平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验、工具变量估计及其他稳健性检验之后,该研究结论依然成立。科技与金融结合试点政策可以通过资源效应、人力资本效应和创新效应三条途径驱动碳减排。异质性分析表明,科技与金融结合试点政策对东部地区城市、规模较大城市以及资源依赖程度较低城市碳排放的促降效应更强。对进一步拓展科技金融的应用领域,因城施策推进科技金融政策试点,全方位、多渠道降低城市碳排放水平有启示意义。

In the stage of high-quality development,it is a broad and profound change to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization.It is necessary to use science and technology finance to form a long-term mechanism for pollution control.The paper regards the pilot policy of integrating technology and finance as a quasi natural experiment,based on data from 283 prefecture level and above cities from 2006 to 2019,and uses a difference in differences(DID)model to explore the impact of technology and finance on urban carbon emissions.The research results show that technology finance is conducive to promoting urban energy conservation and emission reduction.Compared with non pilot cities,the pilot policy has significantly reduced the intensity of urban carbon emissions.After parallel trend test,placebo test,instrumental variable estimation and other robustness tests,the research conclusion is still valid.The pilot policy of combining science and technology with finance can drive carbon emission reduction through three ways:resource effect,human capital effect and innovation effect.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the pilot policy of combining science and technology with finance has a stronger effect on reducing carbon emissions of cities in the eastern region,large cities and cities with lower resource dependence.It is instructive to further expand the application field of science and technology finance,promote science and technology finance policy pilot based on urban policies,and reduce urban carbon emissions in an all-round and multi-channel way.