国家中心城市建设的减霾效应评估——来自19个城市群的经验证据

Evaluation of Haze Reduction Effect of National Central City Construction:Empirical evidence from Nineteen Urban Agglomerations

国家中心城市肩负着引领国家和区域协调发展的重要使命。基于2003—2019年19个城市群207个城市的面板数据,利用多期双重差分方法评估了国家中心城市建设对城市群雾霾污染的影响。研究发现,国家中心城市建设显著降低了城市群雾霾污染,且经过多种稳健性检验后依旧成立;异质性分析表明,国家中心城市建设对中西部城市、非资源型城市和大城市的减霾效应更为明显;影响机制表明,国家中心城市建设通过促进绿色技术创新、推动人口城镇化和加快城市群功能分工间接降低PM2.5污染水平;此外,城市群一体化和城市环境规制正向调节国家中心城市建设的减霾效应。进一步分析发现,相比于数量,国家中心城市的发展质量更有助于缓解城市群雾霾污染。基于上述研究,应积极推进国家中心城市建设,努力提升国家中心城市科技水平和综合实力,持续发挥国家中心城市的引领作用。

National central cities bear the significant responsibility of leading the nation and regions towards coordinated development.Based on panel data from 19 urban agglomerations and 207 cities spanning the years 2003 to 2019,this study utilizes a multi-period difference-in-differences approach to assess the impact of national central city development on haze pollution within urban agglomerations.The research reveals that the construction of national central cities effectively reduces haze pollution in urban agglomerations,and this conclusion remains robust even after undergoing various tests for validity.Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the haze-reducing effects of national central city development are more pronounced in cities situated in the central and western regions,resource-dependent cities,and large cities.The mechanism of influence indicates that the construction of national central cities indirectly decreases PM2.5 pollution levels by promoting green technological innovation,driving urbanization,and accelerating functional differentiation among urban agglomerations.Furthermore,the integration of urban agglomerations and urban environmental regulations positively moderates the haze-reducing effects of national central city development.Further research discovers that,compared to quantity,the quality of development of national central cities contributes more significantly to alleviating haze pollution within urban agglomerations.Based on the aforementioned study,it is advisable to actively promote the construction of national central cities,endeavor to enhance their technological proficiency and overall capabilities,and consistently harness the guiding role of national central cities.