平台对接式种植体生物学并发症:一项回顾性病例分析

Biological complications of butt-joint dental implants:a retrospective case analysis

目的回顾性分析使用平台对接式种植系统最终修复后发生生物学并发症的病例,并探讨相关危险因素。方法对2012至2022年在武汉大学口腔医院种植科采用平台对接式种植体(Zimmer,美国)进行修复的共739例患者,1624颗种植体发生种植生物学并发症的病例进行分析。结果采用平台对接式的种植体完成正式修复后在随访期内发生生物学并发症的种植体65颗,其发生率为4%,其中59颗种植体发生种植体周黏膜炎,6颗种植体发生种植体周炎。患者平均年龄为(56.20±11.46)岁,修复体平均负荷时间为(4.06±2.36)年。结论上颌及磨牙区是该平台对接式种植体生物学并发症的好发部位,尤其注意远中游离端种植修复体的咬合设计,避免咬合过载带来的不利影响。尽管“冷焊”效应有利于减少界面微渗漏的影响,但增加了机械并发症的风险。

Objective To retrospectively analyze cases of biological complications of the butt-joint dental implant system(Zimmer,America)and explore relevant risk factors.Methods Cases of biological complications occurring with butt-joint implant systems(Zimmer)at the Department of Dental Implantology,Hospital of Stomatology,Wuhan University from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed.Results A total of 65 implants were identified to have biological complications,with 1624 implants being reviewed overall.Six implants developed peri-implantitis,while 59 implants developed peri-implant mucositis.The average patient age was(56.20±11.46)years,and the mean loading time was(4.06±2.36)years.Conclusion The maxillary and molar regions are common sites for biological complications associated with butt-joint dental implants.Special attention should be paid to the occlusal design of distal free-end implant restorations to avoid the adverse effects of occlusal overload.Although the"cold welding"effect is advantageous in reducing the impact of microleakage,it increases the risk of mechanical complications.