基于时机理论的鼻咽癌患者放射性口腔黏膜炎预防护理方案的构建及应用

Development and application of a preventive care program for radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on the theory of"Timing It Right"

目的构建鼻咽癌患者放射性口腔黏膜炎预防护理方案,并评价其应用效果。方法通过文献回顾、小组讨论、德尔菲法拟定基于时机理论的鼻咽癌患者放射性口腔黏膜炎预防护理方案。按照住院时间将鼻咽癌放疗患者分为对照组和观察组各44例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组采用基于时机理论的鼻咽癌放疗患者放射性口腔黏膜炎预防护理方案。结果2轮专家函询问卷回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别为0.839和0.868,肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.380和0.409(均P<0.05)。干预后观察组口腔黏膜状况、体重指数及生活质量显著优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论实施基于时机理论构建的鼻咽癌放疗患者放射性口腔黏膜炎预防护理方案有利于改善患者口腔黏膜状况、营养状况及生活质量。

Objective To develop a preventive care program for Radiotherapy-induced Oral Mucositis(RIOM)in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and to evaluate its application effect.Methods A preventive care program for RIOM in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma was formulated through literature review,group discussion and the Delphi technique based on the theory of"Timing It Right".Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy were divided into a control group and an intervention group chronologically,with 44 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing,while the intervention group was cared using the preventive care program for RIOM.Results Experts′response rates were 100%in the 2 rounds of expert consultation,experts′authority coefficient were 0.839 and 0.868 and the Kendall coefficient of concordance were 0.380 and 0.409 respectively(both P<0.05).After the intervention,the oral mucosal condition,Body Mass Index and quality of life of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Implementation of the preventive care program for RIOM in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is conducive to improving their oral mucosal condition,nutritional status and quality of life.