妊娠期糖尿病患者对开发饮食健康教育游戏小程序认知与需求的质性研究

Qualitative study on the cognition and needs of gestational diabetes patients towards the development of a diet-related health education game-based mini-program

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病患者对开发饮食健康教育游戏小程序的需求。方法运用描述性质性研究方法,以目的抽样法选取产科15例妊娠期糖尿病患者为研究对象,进行半结构式深入访谈,采用内容分析法对资料进行分析并提炼主题。结果共提炼出4个主题、9个亚主题,即妊娠期糖尿病饮食教育信息获取方式(从专业医疗团队获取、从社交媒体平台获取)、对电子游戏的态度看法(对电子游戏的选择偏好、对饮食教育游戏小程序的态度)、对设计游戏小程序的期望(应用过程兼顾用户友好性及效益、获取全面丰富的妊娠糖尿病饮食信息、提供定制的个性化饮食信息)、游戏化健康教育所面临的挑战(游戏化场景的生动性与专业性、游戏场景的生活化)。结论开发妊娠期糖尿病饮食健康教育游戏小程序前,医护人员应充分了解患者的使用需求,从而为患者的饮食指导提供趣味性、可行性强的工具。

Objective To explore the needs of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)regarding the development of a diet health education game-based mini-program.Methods Employing a descriptive qualitative research approach,15 pregnant patients with GDM were selected via purposive sampling from obstetrics clinics for semi-structured in-depth interviews.Data were analyzed and themes refined using content analysis.Results Four themes and nine sub-themes were identified,including routes of obtaining dietary education information in gestational diabetes(acquiring from professional medical teams,acquiring from social media platforms),attitudes towards electronic games(preferences for electronic games,attitudes towards diet education game mini-programs),expectations for the design of the game-based mini-program(balancing benefits and user-friendliness during application process,access to comprehensive and rich dietary information for gestational diabetes,provision of customized personalized dietary information),and challenges faced in gamified health education(vividness and professionalism of gamified scenarios,life-like game scenarios).Conclusion Before developing a diet-related health education game-based mini-program for GDM patients,medical staff should fully understand the users′needs to offer a fun and feasible tool for dietary guidance.