体积可调型蔬菜培养装置的研制及特性分析

Development and characteristics of the volume adjustable vegetable facilities

目的研制体积可调型蔬菜培养装置,满足空间开展蔬菜培养技术研究的需求。方法通过设计光照通风模块、生长模块、栽培盘模块和测量模块并采用伸缩式结构,研制三套蔬菜培养装置并进行性能验证实验和特性分析。结果研制完成的蔬菜培养装置可在250~700 mm高度范围内调节,配置三种光谱组成的LED光源,栽培篮与基质可移动或替换,基质中的水分、电导和温度参数,以及大气二氧化碳浓度等参数均可在线监测。验证实验表明,装置性能和各项指标均满足后续开展“不同光质对植物生长的影响”的研究需求。结论研制完成的体积可调型蔬菜培养装置,重量轻、体积小,所培养的莴苣(12株/0.12 m^(2))生产能力达49.7克/株(鲜重),可为后续研制在轨蔬菜培养装置提供技术支持。

Objective To develop the volume adjustable vegetable facilities and meet the demands of research on the growing technique of vegetables.Methods Three series of adjustable volume vegetable facilities were developed with light and ventilation module,growth module,cultivation tray module and measurement module.Telescopic structure was adopted in the facilities and the performance testing and characteristics analyses were carried out.Results The facilities could be adjusted at the height range of 250-700 mm.Three kinds of LED lights and replaceable cultivation tray and matrix were installed in the facilities.The parameters including water content,electric conductivity and temperature in the matrix,CO_(2)concentration in the atmosphere of facilities were monitored.The test results showed that the performances and the indexes of facilities met the subsequent experimental demands.Conclusion Light weight,small volume,and adjustable volume vegetable facilities were developed.The production efficiency of lettuce(12 plants/0.12 m^(2))grown in the facilities was 49.7 g(FW)plant-1.The development of facilities laid the foundation of construction of on-orbit vegetable facility.