刑法教义学中的归纳推理

Inductive Reasoning in Criminal Law Doctrine

归纳推理是一种从个别到一般的推理,这种推理方法在制定法和判例法两种不同的法律制度下具有不同的作用。在制定法的语境中,归纳推理主要适用于立法或者司法解释等规则形成的过程,它对于规则的创制具有重要作用。在判例法语境中,归纳推理对于以遵循先例为特征的判例适用具有重要意义。我国是以制定法为基本制度的,同时又创制了案例指导制度,案例指导制度在一定程度上具有判例的性质,因而无论是刑法或者司法解释的规制形成,还是指导案例的参照适用,归纳推理的方法都具有不可或缺的作用。

Inductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that moves from the individual to the general,and this method of reasoning has different roles in two different legal systems:statutory law and case law.In the context of enactment of law,inductive reasoning is mainly applicable to the process of rule formation such as legislation or judicial interpretation,and it plays an important role in the creation of rules.In the context of precedent,inductive reasoning is important for the application of precedents characterized by the observance of precedents.China is based on the enactment of laws as the basic system,and at the same time created the Case Guidance System,which to a certain extent has the nature of precedents,so whether it is the formation of the regulation of criminal law or judicial interpretations,or the reference and application of guiding cases,the method of inductive reasoning plays an indispensable role.